Al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib (2 March 625 – 2 April 670 CE), also known as Imam Hasan al-Mujtaba, was the firstborn son of Ali and Fatima, and a grandson []
Muʿāwiya ibn Abī Sufyān (c. 597, 603 or 605–April 680) was the founder and first caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate, ruling from 661 until his death. He became caliph less []
ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib ( c. 600 – 28 January 661 CE) was a cousin, son-in-law and companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He ruled as the fourth rightly guided caliph from 656 until his assassination in []
ʿĀmir ibn ʿAbd Allah ibn al-Jarrāḥ (583–639 CE), better known as Abū ʿUbayda was a Muslim commander and one of the Companions of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He is mostly []
ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb (c. 583/584 – 3 November 644), also spelled Omar, was the second Rashidun caliph, reigning from 634 until his assassination in 644. He succeeded Abu Bakr (632–634) as the []
Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq (27 October 573 – 23 August 634) was an Arab political and religious leader who founded the Rashidun Caliphate and ruled as its first caliph from 632 until []
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